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HomeGuidesLawFamily lawChild support

Reduction or termination of child support

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Child support calculator for a child — estimated amount

Table of contents

  • What child support is and when it applies
  • When you can request a reduction
  • When termination is possible
  • How the court assesses the request
  • The child’s needs
  • The obligor’s earning capacity
  • Other circumstances
  • The claim for reduction or termination
  • Evidence checklist
  • From when the reduced amount applies
  • When courts refuse
  • Temporary vs lasting change
  • Defense against a reduction
  • Common mistakes
  • Existing arrears
  • Mediation and settlement
  • Quick checklist
  • Related guides
  • Child support calculator
  • Sources
  • Frequently asked questions (FAQ)

Reduction or termination of child support is possible when there is a material change in circumstances (Art. 138 KRO). The court does not reduce support automatically — you must prove a real and lasting change in needs or capacity.

What child support is and when it applies

Child support covers the maintenance and development of the child. The duty arises when the child cannot support themselves or their needs are not met by the other parent.

When you can request a reduction

Typical grounds include:

  • lower income of the obligor (job loss, illness, reduced earning capacity),
  • reduced child needs (e.g., end of costly therapy or activities),
  • increased contribution of the other parent to care and expenses,
  • improved financial situation of the child (e.g., stable work of an adult child).

The change must be significant and affect needs or capacity.

When termination is possible

Termination means the duty ends entirely. In practice, it applies when the legal basis has ceased, for example the child is self‑supporting, has finished education, or does not pursue reasonable efforts to become independent despite ability.

In adult‑child cases, courts often examine whether education is real and ongoing. If a child quits studies or does not work without justification, this can support termination.

How the court assesses the request

The court examines two main groups of factors.

The child’s needs

Real and justified costs: housing, food, education, health, transport, activities. Costs must be reasonable and documented.

The obligor’s earning capacity

Not only current income, but earning potential, qualifications and assets. A decline in income must be real and lasting, not temporary.

Other circumstances

The court considers the other parent’s care contribution, other support obligations and the real division of costs.

The claim for reduction or termination

In the claim, describe the change, show current costs, and attach evidence of income and financial situation. Typical documents include:

  • a current child cost breakdown,
  • income certificates, contracts or tax returns,
  • medical documents (if they affect capacity),
  • evidence of increased care or direct payments.

A “before and after” comparison helps show the scale of change.

Evidence checklist

Often useful:

  • updated cost breakdown with monthly totals,
  • proof of income decrease (contracts, termination, tax returns),
  • medical documents showing reduced capacity,
  • evidence of increased care by the other parent,
  • documents showing the child’s own income (for adult‑child cases).

From when the reduced amount applies

Usually from the date the claim is filed, unless the court sets another date. If circumstances changed materially, do not delay.

When courts refuse

Typical reasons include:

  • no proven material change,
  • undocumented costs or income,
  • a request disproportionate to the child’s needs,
  • attempts to reduce support without real grounds.

Temporary vs lasting change

Courts usually require a lasting change. Short‑term unemployment or one‑off expenses rarely justify reduction unless they show a durable impact on earning capacity.

Defense against a reduction

The other parent may argue that:

  • the child’s needs have not decreased,
  • the obligor’s income drop is only apparent,
  • costs remain high,
  • the obligor still has real earning capacity.

In adult‑child cases, the other side often points to ongoing education and the lack of full independence.

Common mistakes

  • relying on temporary income drops,
  • missing documentation for new circumstances,
  • asking for termination when only reduction is justified,
  • ignoring existing arrears (they still remain payable).

Existing arrears

Reducing or terminating support does not erase past debt. Arrears accrued under the previous judgment remain enforceable unless the court explicitly rules otherwise.

For adult‑child cases, even a part‑time job does not automatically justify termination — courts look at whether the child can realistically cover their own needs.

Mediation and settlement

If both sides agree on a revised cost breakdown, mediation can help reach a settlement approved by the court.

Quick checklist

  • updated cost breakdown,
  • evidence of income decrease or health limits,
  • proof of changed care contributions,
  • clear request for reduction or termination,
  • comparison “before vs after”.

A short timeline of the changes can make the request easier to follow. Include start and end dates if known. Consistency helps.

Related guides

If you need an increase instead, see: Increase of child support — when and how. For criteria, see: Child support amounts: criteria and rules. For filing basics, see: Child support petition: how to file step by step.

Child support calculator

You can use the child support calculator as a reference point, but it is not binding and should be compared with real costs and evidence.

Sources

  • Family and Guardianship Code (ISAP)
  • Code of Civil Procedure (ISAP)
  • Ministry of Justice - official information

Try it in practice

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  • Child support calculator for a child — estimated amount

Frequently asked questions (FAQ)

Kiedy można żądać obniżenia alimentów?+
Gdy nastąpi istotna zmiana okoliczności, np. spadek dochodów lub zmniejszenie potrzeb dziecka.
Czy można uchylić alimenty całkowicie?+
Tak, jeśli ustały przesłanki obowiązku, np. dziecko utrzymuje się samodzielnie.
Od kiedy obowiązuje obniżona kwota?+
Zwykle od dnia wniesienia pozwu o obniżenie, chyba że sąd wskaże inny termin.

Related calculators

  • Child support calculator for a child — estimated amount

Related guides

  • Child support amounts: criteria and rules
  • Increase of child support: when and how
  • Retroactive child support and back payments
  • Child support petition: how to file step by step
  • Child support case: procedure
  • Until when is child support paid?

Choose a law firm for your case

Compare firms by specialization, city, and ratings. You contact the selected firm directly.

  • Kancelaria Alfa

    Warszawa5.0 (1 review)

    Sprawy rodzinne i cywilne: rozwod, alimenty, podzial majatku, reprezentacja w sadzie.

    Practice areasFamily lawCivil law
    AddressRegulska 40
  • Lex Biz Kancelaria

    Krakow5.0 (1 review)

    Obsluga JDG i spolek: umowy, podatki, kontrole, sprawy pracownicze.

    Practice areasLabor lawTax law
  • Nieruchomosci Partner

    Gdansk5.0 (1 review)

    Zakup i sprzedaz nieruchomosci, umowy deweloperskie, najem, spory o nieruchomosci.

    Practice areasCivil lawReal estate law
  • Tax Guard

    Poznan5.0 (1 review)

    Doradztwo podatkowe i legal support dla biznesu: VAT, CIT, kontrole, umowy B2B.

    Practice areasTax lawBusiness law
  • Civil Pro

    Lodz5.0 (1 review)

    Spory cywilne, dochodzenie roszczen, umowy i sprawy mieszkaniowe.

    Practice areasCivil lawReal estate law
Open law firms directory

Choose a law firm for your case

Compare firms by specialization, city, and ratings. You contact the selected firm directly.

Kancelaria Alfa

Warszawa5.0 (1 review)

Sprawy rodzinne i cywilne: rozwod, alimenty, podzial majatku, reprezentacja w sadzie.

Practice areasFamily lawCivil law
AddressRegulska 40

Lex Biz Kancelaria

Krakow5.0 (1 review)

Obsluga JDG i spolek: umowy, podatki, kontrole, sprawy pracownicze.

Practice areasLabor lawTax law

Nieruchomosci Partner

Gdansk5.0 (1 review)

Zakup i sprzedaz nieruchomosci, umowy deweloperskie, najem, spory o nieruchomosci.

Practice areasCivil lawReal estate law

Tax Guard

Poznan5.0 (1 review)

Doradztwo podatkowe i legal support dla biznesu: VAT, CIT, kontrole, umowy B2B.

Practice areasTax lawBusiness law

Civil Pro

Lodz5.0 (1 review)

Spory cywilne, dochodzenie roszczen, umowy i sprawy mieszkaniowe.

Practice areasCivil lawReal estate law

Familia Law

Wroclaw5.0 (1 review)

Prawo rodzinne i pracownicze, w tym sprawy cudzoziemcow pracujacych w Polsce.

Practice areasFamily lawLabor law
Open law firms directory