Down payment for a flat — how much you need in 2026

Introduction

The down payment is the part of the property value you pay from your own funds. In Poland the amount depends on LTV limits (KNF) and bank policy. This article explains how much you need for a down payment in 2026 and what counts towards it.

LTV limits and minimum down payment

LTV is the ratio of the loan to the property value. For a first mortgage the limit is usually up to 90% - so at least 10% down. For second and subsequent loans - often 80% or 70% (20-30% down). Example: flat 500,000 PLN, 90% LTV - max loan 450,000 PLN, min. down payment 50,000 PLN.

What counts as down payment

Banks accept: funds in an account, deposits, fund units, proceeds from sale of property, gifts (with documentation). A loan from the same bank for the down payment does not count. The source of funds must be documented.

Does the down payment have to be in cash?

Not in the sense of physical cash. It must be available - in an account or on deposit. A large cash deposit shortly before the application requires explanation of the source.

Guarantees and programmes

Partial replacement of the down payment with a guarantee (e.g. state-backed) is possible under certain programmes; conditions change - worth checking 2026 offers.

Summary

At least 10% for a first mortgage is typical; for a second, often 20% or more. Documented funds in an account, deposits and gifts count as down payment. Use the loan calculator and notary fee calculator for instalments and costs.